The creation of so many new countries, some of which occupied strategic locations, others of which possessed significant natural resources, and most of which were desperately poor, altered the composition of the United Nations and political complexity of every region of the globe. It also significantly changed the pattern of international relations in a more general sense. Decolonization was often affected by superpower competition, and had a definite impact on the evolution of that competition. The process of decolonization coincided with the new Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States, and with the early development of the new United Nations. Some European governments welcomed a new relationship with their former colonies others contested decolonization militarily. A few newly independent countries acquired stable governments almost immediately others were ruled by dictators or military juntas for decades, or endured long civil wars. In many others, independence was achieved only after a protracted revolution. In some areas, it was peaceful, and orderly. There was no one process of decolonization. Decolonization of Asia and Africa, 1945-1960Ä«etween 19, three dozen new states in Asia and Africa achieved autonomy or outright independence from their European colonial rulers.
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